Tidal energy harnesses the kinetic energy of the tides, arising from the gravitational forces between the sun and moon, to produce electrical energy. The technology involves the construction of a barrage, used to channel the energy of the tides through a turbine, or turbines anchored to the sea floor. Tidal systems have the benefit of being highly predictable due to the ability to forecast tidal patterns and associated flows of water. Despite it's potential, this form of energy has not been widely deployed throughout the world, due to its high upfront capital costs and significant levels of complexity of the projects, as well as limited locations with sufficient tidal flows. In addition, tidal schemes have often come up against environmental challenges during their development. Potential changes to flow patterns of waterways and/or the creation of lagoons risks permanently changing habitats for plant and bird life.
